{"id":104830,"date":"2021-11-29T08:07:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-29T07:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zpravy.pivovary.info\/?p=104830"},"modified":"2025-02-03T13:15:35","modified_gmt":"2025-02-03T12:15:35","slug":"zmizele-pivovary-mlade-boleslavi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/?p=104830","title":{"rendered":"Zmizel\u00e9 pivovary Mlad\u00e9 Boleslavi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00e1vo v\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9 &#8211; toti\u017e v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 privilegium va\u0159it si pro svou pot\u0159ebu i pro \u0161enk ve sv\u00e9m dom\u011b \u010di na \u00fazem\u00ed m\u011bsta nebo vsi pivo &#8211; pat\u0159ilo od st\u0159edov\u011bku k v\u00fdnosn\u00fdm \u017eivnostem kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f, panstv\u00ed, m\u011bst i jednotlivc\u016f. Pivo se u n\u00e1s za\u010dalo va\u0159it u\u017e v 11. stolet\u00ed, kdy se postupn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo nejen p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed je\u010dmene a p\u0161enice, ale i chmelu.<br \/>\nO v\u00fdhodnosti va\u0159en\u00ed piva podle tehdej\u0161\u00edch m\u011b\u0159\u00edtek &#8222;ve velk\u00e9m&#8220; sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad skute\u010dnost, \u017ee pansk\u00e9 pivovary (nap\u0159. na hradi\u0161\u0165sk\u00e9m panstv\u00ed) vyn\u00e1\u0161ely podstatn\u011b v\u00edce, ne\u017e \u010dinily v\u00fdnosy z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed obil\u00ed, produkce ml\u00fdn\u016f, les\u016f \u010di rybn\u00edk\u016f. Poddan\u00ed sm\u011bli p\u00edt a museli povinn\u011b odeb\u00edrat formou natur\u00e1ln\u00edch plat\u016f pouze pivo m\u00edstn\u00ed a i kdy\u017e se n\u011bkde \u0161enkovalo i pivo dovezen\u00e9, m\u00edstn\u00ed pivn\u00ed monopol chr\u00e1nily podstatn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny dov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho piva. Z t\u011bchto d\u016fvod\u016f n\u00e1le\u017eelo dr\u017een\u00ed v\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va ve m\u011bstech k presti\u017ei jeho movit\u00fdch obyvatel a usiloval o n\u011b i leckter\u00fd majitel panstv\u00ed, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i m\u011bsto.<br \/>\n<br \/>\nPodle dochovan\u00fdch pramen\u016f lze soudit, \u017ee ve st\u0159edov\u011bku se vyr\u00e1b\u011blo pivo oproti dne\u0161n\u00edmu m\u00e9n\u011b alkoholick\u00e9, tedy slab\u0161\u00ed, zhruba \u010dty\u0159 a\u017e sedmistup\u0148ov\u00e9. Siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bylo tzv. pivo b\u00edl\u00e9, hust\u00e9, kter\u00e9 &#8222;\u010dinilo \u010dlov\u011bka masit\u00fdm, nad\u00fdmalo b\u0159icho a v\u011btry \u010dinilo, t\u00e9\u017e t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed po n\u011bm b\u00fdvalo opilstvo.&#8220; K jeho v\u00fdrob\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edval slad p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00fd. Ze sladu je\u010dn\u00e9ho se va\u0159ilo pivo leh\u010d\u00ed, naho\u0159kl\u00e9 chuti, kter\u00e9 &#8222;vy\u017eivovalo skrovn\u011bji a krev \u010distilo.&#8220; Ob\u011b piva poch\u00e1zela z prvn\u00edch v\u00e1rek &#8211; dal\u0161\u00ed odvar (druh\u00fd) se naz\u00fdval pivem mlad\u00fdm nebo tak\u00e9 patokem, kter\u00e9 se v\u0161ak rovn\u011b\u017e v \u0161enc\u00edch za polovi\u010dn\u00ed cenu prod\u00e1valo.<\/p>\n<p>Vedle piva m\u00edstn\u00edho se do Mlad\u00e9 Boleslavi dov\u00e1\u017eela piva i ze vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed. Dobrou pov\u011bst si st\u00e1le udr\u017eovala piva z \u010desk\u00fdch chmelov\u00fdch kraj\u016f z Rakovnicka, \u017datecka a Sl\u00e1nska, naopak mizernou pov\u011bst m\u011blo a\u017e do poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed pivo plze\u0148sk\u00e9. V Boleslavi v\u0161ak bylo mo\u017eno pop\u00edt i pivo bavorsk\u00e9 nebo slezsk\u00e9, poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou z Vratislavi, \u010di piva lu\u017eick\u00e1 ze Sv\u00eddnice, \u017ditavy nebo Zho\u0159elce.<\/p>\n<p>Na \u00fazem\u00ed samotn\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Mlad\u00e9 Boleslavi existoval paradoxn\u011b zprvu jedin\u00fd <strong>pansk\u00fd pivovar<\/strong> pod hradem, kter\u00fd v\u0161ak n\u00e1le\u017eel kosmonosk\u00e9 vrchnosti. Na p\u0159elomu 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed se v n\u011bm ro\u010dn\u011b va\u0159ilo 7000 hl piva a existoval a\u017e do druh\u00e9ho desetilet\u00ed minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Za boleslavsk\u00fd pivovar v t\u00e9\u017ee dob\u011b nem\u016f\u017eeme po\u010d\u00edtat <strong>pivovar v Neuberku<\/strong>, kter\u00fd se sice p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 ji\u017e v 16. stolet\u00ed stejn\u011b jako tam\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ml\u00fdn, ale v t\u00e9 dob\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u011bsta nebyl.<\/p>\n<p>A tak prakticky jedin\u00fd boleslavsk\u00fd pivovar vznikl a\u017e v roce 1822, kdy se k jeho zalo\u017een\u00ed spojili dr\u017eitel\u00e9 pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00fdch pod\u00edl\u016f v po\u010dtu 539, kte\u0159\u00ed do t\u00e9 doby provozovali va\u0159en\u00ed piva ve vlastn\u00ed re\u017eii. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou a smyslem jejich po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed byla jist\u011b snaha obst\u00e1t v konkurenci s jin\u00fdmi pivovary, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159e\u0161ly na pr\u016fmyslovou v\u00fdrobu piva a vyu\u017e\u00edvaly nap\u0159\u00edklad k pohonu parn\u00ed stroj. Nov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00fd <strong>m\u011b\u0161\u0165ansk\u00fd pivovar<\/strong> vznikl na rozhran\u00ed Star\u00e9ho a Nov\u00e9ho m\u011bsta a dodnes jej p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 p\u0159ilehl\u00e1 ulice zvan\u00e1 Pivovarsk\u00e1. (Proj\u00ed\u017ed\u00edme j\u00ed kolem parkovi\u0161t\u011b na Komensk\u00e9ho n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed, tedy od Fortuny, kolem \u010cSOB do \u017delezn\u00e9 ulice). Z\u00e1vod byl zprvu provozov\u00e1n v re\u017eii pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, zanedlouho byl v\u0161ak pronaj\u00edm\u00e1n. N\u00e1jemci byla ulo\u017eena povinnost mj. dod\u00e1vat pronajimatel\u016fm, krom\u011b n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho v pen\u011bz\u00edch, i natur\u00e1ln\u00ed plat ve stanoven\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00edch piva.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/galerie-mestanskeho-pivovaru-mlada-boleslav\/mlada-boleslav-staromestsky-02.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"ngg-singlepicngg-center\"><\/p>\n<p>K st\u00e1l\u00fdm odb\u011bratel\u016fm n\u00e1le\u017eel tak\u00e9 boleslavsk\u00fd d\u011bkan, kter\u00fd byl povinen za ka\u017ed\u00fd odebran\u00fd sud piva poskytnout pivovaru dva korce nebo t\u0159i m\u011b\u0159ice je\u010dmene. St\u00e1l\u00e9 spory s n\u00e1jemci, vin\u011bn\u00fdmi z nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fadr\u017eby objektu i nechu\u0165 vlo\u017eit do rekonstrukce vlastn\u00ed prost\u0159edky nakonec zp\u016fsobily, \u017ee byl m\u011b\u0161\u0165ansk\u00fd pivovar v roce 1897 prod\u00e1n kutnohorsk\u00e9mu sl\u00e1dkovi Josefu K\u0159ikavovi.<\/p>\n<p>Nov\u00fd majitel st\u00e1l p\u0159ed kardin\u00e1ln\u00edm probl\u00e9mem: investovat do p\u0159estavby a modernizace st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho pivovaru nebo postavit nov\u00fd. Odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fd podnikatel \u0161el do rizika, ve star\u00e9m z\u00e1vod\u011b v\u00fdrobu zru\u0161il a ponechal zde po n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010das pouze restauraci a na perif\u00e9rii m\u011bsta na Celn\u011b p\u0159i prav\u00e9m b\u0159ehu Klenice zanedlouho vyrostl nov\u00fd parostrojn\u00ed pivovar a sladovna. Z\u00e1vod vyu\u017e\u00edval pro va\u0159en\u00ed piva prastar\u00fd Libu\u0161in pramen, ve sk\u00e1le zbudovan\u00e9 sklepy sk\u00fdtaly dobr\u00e9 mo\u017enosti skladov\u00e1n\u00ed piva, postupn\u011b firma vytvo\u0159ila \u0159et\u011bzec restaurac\u00ed ve m\u011bst\u011b i v okol\u00ed, kam sv\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky dov\u00e1\u017eela. Ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdstav \u010dinil kolem 24 000 hl.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/galerie-pivovaru-mlada-boleslav-krikavuv\/Mlad%C3%A1-Boleslav-K%C5%99ikav%C5%AFv-autor-M.-Krupi%C4%8Dka-%C3%BAnor-2005-02.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"ngg-singlepicngg-center\"><\/p>\n<p>K\u0159ikav\u016fv rodinn\u00fd pivovarsk\u00fd podnik, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd dal\u0161\u00edm majitelem Vladim\u00edrem K\u0159ikavou a pozd\u011bji Anton\u00ednem \u0160emberou si udr\u017eel svou proslulost v kraji a\u017e do sv\u00e9ho zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn\u00ed v roce 1949, po n\u011bm\u017e byla brzy v\u00fdroba zastavena a objekty pivovaru v\u010detn\u011b vily majitele po desetilet\u00ed slou\u017eily zdravotnick\u00fdm, \u0161kolsk\u00fdm, skladovac\u00edm a jin\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>V 70. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed byl zbour\u00e1n i objekt star\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0161\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pivovaru v\u010detn\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e9ho kina Jas a pozd\u011bji na jejich m\u00edst\u011b vzniklo dodnes pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 parkovi\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ekrylo star\u00e9 a hlubok\u00e9 sklepy, pro n\u011b\u017e bylo mo\u017en\u00e1 vhodn\u00e9 naj\u00edt lep\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed. A p\u0159ipo\u010dteme-li k tomu skute\u010dnost, \u017ee koncem posledn\u00ed v\u00e1lky zanikla i b\u00fdval\u00e1 sladovna pobl\u00ed\u017e mostu do Podl\u00e1zek pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed kdysi k ro\u017e\u00e1tovsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti kosmonosk\u00e9ho dominia, z pivovarsk\u00e9 boleslavsk\u00e9 tradice toho mnoho nezbylo &#8211; n\u00e1zev jedn\u00e9 ulice a objekty na Celn\u011b.<br \/>\n<br \/>\nJin\u00e1 m\u00edsta v regionu na tom nejsou o mnoho l\u00e9pe: kde jsou ty \u010dasy, kdy se va\u0159ilo pivo v Neuberku, v Dobrovici, Vlkav\u011b, Doln\u00edm Cetn\u011b, Z\u00e1most\u00ed, Ko\u0161\u00e1tk\u00e1ch, Lys\u00e9 n. L., ve Star\u00fdch Ben\u00e1tk\u00e1ch, Hork\u00e1ch n. Jiz., B\u011bl\u00e9 pod Bezd\u011bzem atd. A tak bohat\u00e9 tradice pivovarnictv\u00ed na Mladoboleslavsku t\u0159\u00edmaj\u00ed dosud pevn\u011b v ruce pouh\u00e9 dva pivovary &#8211; Kl\u00e1\u0161ter Hradi\u0161t\u011b nad Jizerou a Podkov\u00e1\u0148, kdy\u017e dal\u0161\u00ed, Svijansk\u00fd, n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e na\u0161im severn\u00edm soused\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Pivo je bezesporu jedn\u00edm z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1poj\u016f \u010dlov\u011bka. A t\u011bm, kdo\u017e je kdysi d\u00e1vno vymysleli, t\u011bm, kdo\u017e je um\u00ed vyrobit, bychom m\u011bli my v\u0161ichni s ka\u017ed\u00fdm lokem p\u011bniv\u00e9ho moku, znaj\u00edce svou m\u00edru, pod\u011bkovat.<\/p>\n<p><b>autor: PhDr. Karel Her\u010d\u00edk<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00e1vo v\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9 &#8211; toti\u017e v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 privilegium va\u0159it si pro svou pot\u0159ebu i pro \u0161enk ve sv\u00e9m dom\u011b \u010di na \u00fazem\u00ed m\u011bsta nebo vsi pivo &#8211; pat\u0159ilo od st\u0159edov\u011bku k v\u00fdnosn\u00fdm \u017eivnostem kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f, panstv\u00ed, m\u011bst&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":104842,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":25028,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=104830"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104830\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/104842"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=104830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=104830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=104830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}