P\u0159echod od direktivn\u011b pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 ekonomiky k tr\u017en\u00edmu hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed po listopadu 1989 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal zm\u011bnu ve vlastnictv\u00ed pivovarnick\u00fdch podnik\u016f, dosud bez vyj\u00edmky v majetku st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n
V roce 1960 va\u0159ilo pivo na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch a moravsk\u00fdch kraj\u016f tehdej\u0161\u00edho \u010ceskoslovenska 105 provozoven. \u0160lo o pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 pivovary, krom\u011b vyj\u00edmky starod\u00e1vn\u00e9ho minipivovaru U Flek\u016f. Centr\u00e1ln\u011b pl\u00e1novan\u00fd syst\u00e9m hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a rajonizace odbytu chmelov\u00e9ho moku soust\u0159edily pivovary do uskupen\u00ed podnik\u016f rozd\u011blen\u00fdch dle kraj\u016f.<\/p>\n
V roce 1960 byl p\u0159ijat v souvislosti s novou \u00dastavou z\u00e1kon \u010d. 36\/1960 Sb., o \u00fazemn\u00edm \u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159il 11 kraj\u016f \u2013 z toho osm v \u010cesku a t\u0159i na Slovensku. Podle tohoto z\u00e1kona byla zm\u011bn\u011bna i struktura pivovarnictv\u00ed, kdy vzniklo 11 krajsk\u00fdch organiza\u010dn\u00edch slo\u017eek, pod kter\u00e9 pat\u0159ily jednotliv\u00e9 pivovary.<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1kon \u010d. 88\/1988, o st\u00e1tn\u00edm podniku, \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd od 1. \u010dervence 1988, byl p\u0159ijat v kontextu tehdej\u0161\u00edho trendu \u201ep\u0159estavby\u201c, tedy demokratizace a restrukturalizace socialistick\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. M\u011bl v\u00e9st p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti a osamostatn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch jednotek, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly n\u00e9st zodpov\u011bdnost za svoji prosperitu.<\/p>\n
Na po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1989 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed z\u00e1kladnu pivovarnictv\u00ed tvo\u0159ilo ji\u017e jen 71 pivovar\u016f. Struktura \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z\u016fstala v\u0161ak t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Severomoravsk\u00e9 pivovary n.p. se s\u00eddlem v Ostrav\u011b \u2013 Hanu\u0161ovice, No\u0161ovice, Litovel, Olomouc, Opava, Ostrava, P\u0159erov, Vset\u00edn
\nJihomoravsk\u00e9 pivovary n.p. se s\u00eddlem v Brn\u011b \u2013 Brumov-Bylnice, B\u0159eclav, \u010cern\u00e1 Hora, Havl\u00ed\u010d\u016fv Brod, Jaro\u0161ov, Jihlava, Prost\u011bjov, Starobrno, Uhersk\u00fd Brod, Uhersk\u00fd Ostroh, Vy\u0161kov, Znojmo
\nV\u00fdchodo\u010desk\u00e9 pivovary n.p. se s\u00eddlem v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u2013 Broumov-Oliv\u011bt\u00edn, Havl\u00ed\u010dk\u016fv Brod, Hlinsko, Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Jev\u00ed\u010dko, Lan\u0161kroun, Mal\u00fd Rohozec, N\u00e1chod, Nov\u00e1 Paka, Pardubice, Poli\u010dka, Svitavy, Trutnov
\nSevero\u010desk\u00e9 pivovary n.p. se s\u00eddlem v \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem \u2013 D\u011b\u010d\u00edn, Jablonec, Litom\u011b\u0159ice, Louny, Vratislavice, Svijany, \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem-Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 B\u0159ezno, Velk\u00e9 B\u0159ezno, \u017datec, Most
\nZ\u00e1pado\u010desk\u00e9 pivovary n.p. se s\u00eddlem v Plzni \u2013 Doma\u017elice, Gambrinus, Cheb, Chodov\u00e1 Plan\u00e1, Karlovy Vary, Plze\u0148sk\u00fd Prazdroj
\nJiho\u010desk\u00e9 pivovary n.p. se s\u00eddlem v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch \u2013 \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice-Budvar, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice-Samson, \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov, Humpolec, Pelh\u0159imov, Protiv\u00edn, Strakonice, T\u0159ebo\u0148<\/p>\n
St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9 pivovary n.p. se s\u00eddlem v Praze \u2013 Bene\u0161ov, B\u0159eznice, Kl\u00e1\u0161ter-Hradi\u0161t\u011b, Kutn\u00e1 Hora, Kru\u0161ovice, Nymburk, Podkov\u00e1\u0148, Rakovn\u00edk,Velk\u00e9 Popovice, Vysok\u00fd Chlumec<\/p>\n
Pra\u017esk\u00e9 pivovary n.p. se s\u00eddlem v Praze \u2013 Bran\u00edk, Sm\u00edchov, Hole\u0161ovice, U Flek\u016f<\/p>\n\n
Po zm\u011bn\u011b politick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu bylo t\u011bchto p\u016fvodn\u00edch osm n\u00e1rodn\u00edch pivovarsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f transformov\u00e1no na dvan\u00e1ct st\u00e1tn\u00edch podnik\u016f, do kter\u00fdch byl za\u010dlen\u011bn stejn\u00fd po\u010det pivovar\u016f.<\/p>\n
Pra\u017esk\u00e9 pivovary s.p.: Bran\u00edk, Sm\u00edchov, Hole\u0161ovice, U Flek\u016f
\nPivovary Velk\u00e9 Popovice s.p.: Bene\u0161ov, Kl\u00e1\u0161ter-Hradi\u0161t\u011b, Kutn\u00e1 Hora, Kru\u0161ovice, Nymburk, Podkov\u00e1\u0148, Rakovn\u00edk,Velk\u00e9 Popovice, Vysok\u00fd Chlumec
\nPivovary \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice s.p.: \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice-Budvar, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice-Samson, \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov, Humpolec, Pelh\u0159imov, Protiv\u00edn, Strakonice, T\u0159ebo\u0148
\nPlze\u0148sk\u00e9 pivovary s.p.: Doma\u017elice, Gambrinus, Cheb, Chodov\u00e1 Plan\u00e1, Karlovy Vary, Plze\u0148sk\u00fd Prazdroj
\nPivovary Louny s.p.: D\u011b\u010d\u00edn, Litom\u011b\u0159ice, Louny, \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem-Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 B\u0159ezno, Velk\u00e9 B\u0159ezno, \u017datec, Most
\nPivovary Vratislavice s.p.: Vratislavice, Svijany
\nPivovary Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 s.p.: Broumov-Oliv\u011bt\u00edn, Havl\u00ed\u010dk\u016fv Brod, Hlinsko, Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Jev\u00ed\u010dko, Lan\u0161kroun, Mal\u00fd Rohozec, N\u00e1chod, Nov\u00e1 Paka, Pardubice, Poli\u010dka, Svitavy, Trutnov
\nPivovary Brno s.p.: Brumov-Bylnice, B\u0159eclav, \u010cern\u00e1 Hora, Jaro\u0161ov, Jihlava, Prost\u011bjov, Starobrno, Uhersk\u00fd Brod, Uhersk\u00fd Ostroh, Vy\u0161kov, Znojmo
\nPivovary P\u0159erov s.p.: Hanu\u0161ovice, Litovel, Olomouc, Opava, P\u0159erov, Vset\u00edn
\nOstravar s.p.: Ostravar
\nRadegast s.p.: No\u0161ovice
\nPivovary a sladovny Praha s.p.: B\u0159eznice<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bnu organiza\u010dn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pivovarnick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a vlastnick\u00fdch vztah\u016f v jednotliv\u00fdch pivovarech na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR p\u0159inesly restituce a privatizace.
\nV p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b restitu\u010dn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u0161lo o navr\u00e1cen\u00ed zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn\u00e9ho majetku do rukou p\u016fvodn\u00edch vlastn\u00edk\u016f. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edpady \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 restituce jsou Pivovar U Flek\u016f (rodina Brtn\u00edk\u016f) nebo Vysok\u00fd Chlumec (rodina Lobkowicz\u016f).
\nProces privatizace se v \u010cesku skl\u00e1dal z mal\u00e9 a velk\u00e9 privatizace. Do mal\u00e9 privatizace, kdy se formou ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch dra\u017eeb realizovalo odst\u00e1tn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm men\u0161\u00edch provozoven, byly za\u0159azeny pivovary v \u010cesk\u00e9 Krumlov\u011b a v Humpolci. Oba tyto podniky se poda\u0159ilo v pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku 1991 vydra\u017eit. Majitelem humpoleck\u00e9ho pivovaru se stal Stanislav Bernard (za 45 mil. K\u010d) a majitelem \u010deskokrumlovsk\u00e9ho pivovaru Franti\u0161ek Mr\u00e1zek.
\nV prvn\u00ed vln\u011b velk\u00e9 privatizace bylo vypracov\u00e1no n\u011bkolik privatiza\u010dn\u00edch projekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1ny veden\u00edmi jednotliv\u00fdch podnik\u016f \u010di jin\u00fdmi z\u00e1jemci z \u0159ad jednotlivc\u016f \u010di cel\u00fdch organizac\u00ed a posuzov\u00e1ny Ministerstvem pro spr\u00e1vu n\u00e1rodn\u00edho majetku. Do prvn\u00ed vlny bylo tedy za\u0159azeno 14 velk\u00fdch pivovarnick\u00fdch akciov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Popt\u00e1vka v\u0161ak v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159evy\u0161ovala nab\u00eddku. K vlastn\u00ed privatizaci pak do\u0161lo a\u017e ve druh\u00e9m a t\u0159et\u00edm kole v roce 1991.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 1991 tak vznikly pivovarnick\u00e9 akciov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti:
\nPra\u017esk\u00e9 pivovary a.s. (pivovary Bran\u00edk, Sm\u00edchov, Hole\u0161ovice) byly zaps\u00e1ny do obchodn\u00edho rejst\u0159\u00edku dne 5.5.1992. Spole\u010dnost byla tak\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00edm n\u00e1stupcem obchodn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed Ostravar a.s. a Pivovary Vratislavice n. Nisou a.s.
\nPivovary Bohemia a.s.: Bene\u0161ov, Kutn\u00e1 Hora, Rakovn\u00edk, Nymburk, Podkov\u00e1\u0148
\nAkciov\u00e1 spole\u010dnost postupn\u011b p\u0159etvo\u0159ila jednotliv\u00e9 pivovary na spole\u010dnosti s ru\u010den\u00edm omezen\u00fdm, pod\u00edly v nich potom prodala.
\nPivovar Velk\u00e9 Popovice a.s.
\nPivovar Kru\u0161ovice a.s.
\nJiho\u010desk\u00e9 pivovary a.s.: Protiv\u00edn, T\u0159ebo\u0148, Samson
\nPlze\u0148sk\u00e9 pivovary a.s.: Gambrinus, Cheb, Doma\u017elice Karlovy Vary
\n\u00dasteck\u00e9 pivovary a.s.: \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem-Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 B\u0159ezno, Velk\u00e9 B\u0159ezno
\nPivovary Louny a.s.
\nPivovar Most a.s.
\nPivovary Vratislavice n. N. a.s.: Vratislavice nad Nisou, Svijany
\nStarobrno a.s.
\nMoravskoslezsk\u00e9 pivovary a.s.: P\u0159erov, Opava, Hanu\u0161ovice, Litovel, Olomouc, Vset\u00edn
\nPivovar Radegast a.s.
\nPivovar Prost\u011bjov a.s.<\/p>\n
Cel\u00fd, pon\u011bkud zbrkl\u00fd, proces privatizace prov\u00e1zelo mnoho legislativn\u00edch chyb, neujasn\u011bnost\u00ed a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed benevolence, s \u010d\u00edm\u017e pak souvisely mnohalet\u00e9 soudn\u00ed p\u0159e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
P\u0159echod od direktivn\u011b pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 ekonomiky k tr\u017en\u00edmu hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed po listopadu 1989 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal zm\u011bnu ve vlastnictv\u00ed pivovarnick\u00fdch podnik\u016f, dosud bez vyj\u00edmky v majetku st\u00e1tu. V roce 1960 va\u0159ilo pivo na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch a moravsk\u00fdch kraj\u016f...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":46023,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46020","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46020"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46020\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/46023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}