{"id":48884,"date":"2018-09-04T00:20:49","date_gmt":"2018-09-03T22:20:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zpravy.pivovary.xyz\/?p=48884"},"modified":"2025-01-16T12:37:20","modified_gmt":"2025-01-16T11:37:20","slug":"48884","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/?p=48884","title":{"rendered":"Historie hostinc\u016f \u2013 podsudnictv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Podsudnictv\u00ed dos\u00e1hlo sv\u00e9ho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho rozmachu na konci 19.stolet\u00ed a na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20.stolet\u00ed. Bylo produktem doby, kter\u00e1 byla ve znamen\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce. Vznik technick\u00fdch vyn\u00e1lez\u016f p\u0159isp\u011bl k dynamick\u00e9mu rozvoji technologi\u00ed ve v\u0161ech oblastech pr\u016fmyslu, tedy i v pivovarnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Doposud fungovaly ve m\u011bstech a na venkov\u011b mal\u00e9 star\u00e9 pansk\u00e9 pivovary, zalo\u017een\u00e9 na ru\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. Vedle nich, ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch s\u00eddlech pak pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0161\u0165ansk\u00e9 provozy. Odbyt t\u011bchto pivov\u00e1rk\u016f byl p\u0159esn\u011b vymezen v\u011bt\u0161inou dle sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edk\u016f. V druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 19.stolet\u00ed v\u0161ak nastala zm\u011bna. Propina\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo, kter\u00e9 omezovalo mo\u017enost zalo\u017een\u00ed pivovaru, bylo minulost\u00ed. Pivovary za\u010dali zakl\u00e1dat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed vrstvy \u2013 novodob\u00ed zbohatl\u00edci, podnikatel\u00e9, kter\u00fdm v dob\u011b pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce p\u0159inesly investice zna\u010dn\u00fd zisk. Tito investo\u0159i bu\u010f budovali pivovarnick\u00e9 provozy sami, nebo se spojovali, s c\u00edlem z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu, do akciov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Jako houby po de\u0161ti tak rostly v \u010cech\u00e1ch a na Morav\u011b nov\u00e9 modern\u011b vybaven\u00e9 pivovary.
\nVoln\u00fd trh s prodejem piva p\u0159inesl do tohoto odv\u011btv\u00ed nemilosrdn\u00fd konkuren\u010dn\u00ed boj. Mal\u00e9 i velk\u00e9 pivovary chrlily hektolitry a hektolitry chmelov\u00e9ho moku a za\u010dal b\u00fdt v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m s um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm takov\u00e9 nadprodukce piva.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdrobci se za\u010dali v\u00edce soust\u0159edit na odbyt, tedy na hostinsk\u00e9. Star\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 vztahy mezi \u0161enk\u00fd\u0159i a pivovarn\u00edky byly nahrazeny ryze ekonomick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem. Konkuren\u010dn\u00ed boj pivovar\u016f o mo\u017enost \u010depov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho piva \u010dasto p\u0159estupoval hranici slu\u0161nosti v podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. Majitel\u00e9 nebo n\u00e1jemci hospod museli \u010delit soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9mu tlaku v\u00fdrobc\u016f piva.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Na po\u010d\u00e1tku hostinsk\u00fdm v\u00fdrobci nab\u00edzeli r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, p\u0159edh\u00e1n\u011bli se v cenov\u00fdch pob\u00eddk\u00e1ch a rafinovan\u00fdch slibech. Pokud se hostinsk\u00fd zdr\u00e1hal vyu\u017e\u00edt nab\u00eddek obchodn\u00edho z\u00e1stupce pivovaru a nevym\u011bnil sv\u016fj st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed zdroj n\u00e1kupu chmelov\u00e9ho moku, p\u0159istoupili mnohdy drav\u00ed \u201eprodejci\u201c k m\u00e9n\u011b vyb\u00edrav\u00fdm cest\u00e1m k dosa\u017een\u00ed sv\u00e9ho c\u00edle.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tehdy se za\u010dalo vyu\u017e\u00edvat principu podsudnictv\u00ed.
\n\u0160lo o dosazen\u00ed osoby do funkce hostinsk\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 byla bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u011b loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u016f\u010di ur\u010dit\u00e9mu pivovaru. Pivovar tuto uvoln\u011bnou pozici z\u00edskal t\u00edm, \u017ee hospodsk\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd m\u011bl v n\u00e1jmu \u0161enk a vzep\u0159el se tlaku pivovaru, nenechal si vnutit jeho pivo, vypudil. Nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u00edm, \u017ee majiteli nemovitosti navrhnul vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1jem nebo odkoupil dluhy hostinsk\u00e9ho. Nebo pivovar p\u0159\u00edmo zakoupil hospodu i s pr\u00e1vem v\u00fd\u010depu piva.<\/p>\n\n

Provozovatel, je\u017e byl do hostince dosazen, byl naz\u00fdv\u00e1n podsudn\u00edk. Tento \u010dlov\u011bk sepsal s v\u00fdrobcem piva tzv.podsudnickou smlouvu, ve kter\u00e9 stvrdil svou bezv\u00fdhradnou z\u00e1vislost na doty\u010dn\u00e9m pivovaru. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee to znamenalo odeb\u00edrat pivo pouze z jednoho zdroje.<\/p>\n

Na p\u0159elomu 19.a 20.stolet\u00ed dos\u00e1hlo podsudnictv\u00ed sv\u00e9ho rozkv\u011btu. Podsudn\u00edk\u016f bylo takov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, \u017ee se dokonce sdru\u017eovali do Zemsk\u00e9ho svazu hostinsk\u00fdch podsudn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Je pochopiteln\u00e9, \u017ee zku\u0161en\u00ed a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00ed hostin\u0161t\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ctili svou \u201e\u0161enkovn\u00ed \u010dest\u201c na takov\u00e9to dikt\u00e1ty nep\u0159istupovali. Tak\u017ee podsudn\u00edci b\u00fdvali v\u011bt\u0161inou zkrachoval\u00ed hospod\u0161t\u00ed, s minimem zku\u0161enost\u00ed, nebo dokonce neodborn\u00edci, lid\u00e9 bez koncese (tu m\u011bl pivovar).
\nPivovar platil za podsudn\u00edka n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 hospody, tak\u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neposlu\u0161nosti hostinsk\u00e9ho byla osoba vyst\u0159\u00edd\u00e1na jin\u00fdm podsudn\u00edkem.<\/p>\n

n\u00e1m\u011bt: Josef Stan\u011bk: Blahoslaven\u00fd sl\u00e1dek<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Podsudnictv\u00ed dos\u00e1hlo sv\u00e9ho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho rozmachu na konci 19.stolet\u00ed a na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20.stolet\u00ed. Bylo produktem doby, kter\u00e1 byla ve znamen\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce. Vznik technick\u00fdch vyn\u00e1lez\u016f p\u0159isp\u011bl k dynamick\u00e9mu rozvoji technologi\u00ed ve v\u0161ech oblastech pr\u016fmyslu, tedy...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48888,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48884","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48884","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=48884"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48884\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/48888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=48884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=48884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=48884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}