![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/ngg_featured\/gal148_obr1206552872_30.jpg\")
<\/p>\nVoda ve skupenstv\u00ed pevn\u00e9m, tedy v podob\u011b ledu, byla v 19.stolet\u00ed neodmyslitelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jak\u00e9koliv pivovarsk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n
Pot\u0159eba chlazen\u00ed, vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e1 pro v\u00fdrobu jednoho hektolitru piva dle tehdej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch a odbytov\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed, v rozsahu 50 \u2013 200 kilogram\u016f ledu, jasn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148ovala nutnost spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho zaledov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tedy vyt\u011b\u017een\u00ed ledu z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f a vhodn\u00e9ho uskladn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
U\u017e p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru vhodn\u00e9 lokality k zalo\u017een\u00ed pivovaru bylo p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eeno k mo\u017enostem snadn\u00e9ho, rychl\u00e9ho a levn\u00e9ho z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ledu. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ledu mohly negativn\u011b ovlivnit rentabilitu v\u00fdroby piva.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh hlavn\u00edho kva\u0161en\u00ed \u010di le\u017een\u00ed ve sklep\u00edch byly p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 teploty, kter\u00e9 byly zaji\u0161t\u011bny p\u0159irozen\u00fdm ledem ulo\u017een\u00fdm v lednic\u00edch. Chlad byl pot\u0159eba p\u0159i skladov\u00e1n\u00ed piva, ledem se z\u00e1sobovaly rovn\u011b\u017e odb\u011bratelsk\u00e9 hostince.<\/p>\n
Lednice musely b\u00fdt dostate\u010dn\u011b prostorn\u00e9 a m\u011bly b\u00fdt postaveny tak, aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna dostate\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstupnost a snadnost manipulace p\u0159i vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdb\u011bru ledu. Nesm\u011blo se zapomenout na maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed izolaci od atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch vliv\u016f a na rychl\u00fd odvod vody z rozt\u00e1t\u00e9ho ledu.<\/p>\n\n
Do lednice byl led vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n oknem. Po napln\u011bn\u00ed lednice byla okna zapln\u011bn\u00e1 sl\u00e1mou a op\u011bt zazd\u011bna. Do lednice bylo mo\u017eno vstoupit otvorem ze sklepa a v l\u00e9t\u011b odseknout pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed ledu pro chlazen\u00ed piva.<\/p>\n
Jako izola\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly se tehdy pou\u017e\u00edvaly rozli\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed suroviny. Nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejsn\u00e1ze dostupn\u00e9 byly nap\u0159\u00edklad plevy, \u0159ezanka, piliny. Av\u0161ak tyto rostlinn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly po zvlh\u010den\u00ed snadno ztr\u00e1cely sv\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti. Pou\u017e\u00edvala se rovn\u011b\u017e k\u0159emelina (schr\u00e1nky jednobun\u011b\u010dn\u00edch \u0159as diatomaceae), dr\u0165 z ra\u0161eliny \u010di popel. Za nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny korkov\u00e9 cihly, kter\u00e9 byly proti vlhku nat\u0159eny asfaltem. Pro kvalitn\u00ed lednici byly tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dobr\u00e1 st\u0159echa, dla\u017eba se sklonem a d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd ro\u0161t na dla\u017eb\u011b, je\u017e izoloval uskladn\u011bn\u00fd led od rozt\u00e1t\u00e9 vody.<\/p>\n
Jeden metr krychlov\u00fd ledu v\u00e1\u017eil 917 kilogram\u016f. V lednic\u00edch bylo b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 na 1 m3 prostoru uskladnit 600-700 kg pevn\u00e9ho ledu. \u010c\u00edm jemn\u011bji byl led roztlu\u010den, t\u00edm v\u00edce se ho do lednice ve\u0161lo. Pro d\u016fkladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed prostor lednice se led p\u0159i ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed prol\u00e9val vodou s tro\u0161kou soli. Led tak m\u00edrn\u011b rozt\u00e1l, n\u00e1sledn\u011b se stmelil a zmrznul.<\/p>\n
Z d\u016fvodu nouze byl n\u011bkdy m\u00edsto ledu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n sn\u00edh. Tak\u00e9 pro ten platilo efektivn\u00ed uskladn\u011bn\u00ed. Proto byl rovn\u011b\u017e pol\u00e9v\u00e1n vodou a p\u011bchov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Voda ve skupenstv\u00ed pevn\u00e9m, tedy v podob\u011b ledu, byla v 19.stolet\u00ed neodmyslitelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jak\u00e9koliv pivovarsk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby. Pot\u0159eba chlazen\u00ed, vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e1 pro v\u00fdrobu jednoho hektolitru piva dle tehdej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch a odbytov\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed, v rozsahu 50 \u2013...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":50116,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50114","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=50114"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50114\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/50116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=50114"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=50114"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=50114"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}