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<\/p>\nKva\u0161en\u00ed piva s vyu\u017eit\u00edm kvasnic tzv.spodn\u00edho typu a skladov\u00e1n\u00ed hotov\u00e9ho piva vy\u017eadovalo celoro\u010dn\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot na spilce i v le\u017e\u00e1ck\u00fdch sklep\u00edch. K tomu sta\u0159\u00ed pivovarn\u00edci vyu\u017e\u00edvali led.<\/p>\n
Led se z\u00edsk\u00e1val ze zamrzl\u00fdch vodn\u00edch ploch nebo \u0159ek. Jeho t\u011b\u017een\u00ed a uskladn\u011bn\u00ed se naz\u00fdvalo ledov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ledov\u00e1 kra se bu\u010f vy\u0159ezala dlouhou pilou nebo se vysekala sekerami. Ledov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo za mraziv\u00e9ho dne velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce. Sekal se led siln\u00fd asi 12 a\u017e 15 centimetr\u016f, na tabule tak velk\u00e9, aby se mohly vyt\u00e1hnout z vody. Pomoc\u00ed h\u00e1ku se pak vyt\u00e1hly na b\u0159eh. Odtud se san\u011bmi nebo ko\u0148sk\u00fdm povozem p\u0159em\u00edstily do pivovaru.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
I do ledov\u00e1n\u00ed vstoupila v 19.stolet\u00ed mechanizace. Tak mnohdy na b\u0159ehu st\u00e1l zabudov\u00e1n velk\u00fd \u017eelezn\u00fd transport\u00e9r poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd naftov\u00fdm motorem. Ledov\u00e9 kry se k elev\u00e1toru dopravovaly p\u0159edem prosekan\u00fdm korytem v ledu a postrkov\u00e1n\u00edm pomoc\u00ed okovan\u00fdch ty\u010d\u00ed. Elev\u00e1tor kusy ledu vyn\u00e1\u0161el, ty pak padaly do p\u0159ipraven\u00fdch voz\u016f a ihned byly odv\u00e1\u017eeny do lednice pivovarsk\u00e9ho sklepa. Zde ulo\u017een\u00fd led vydr\u017eel po n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a tak\u00e9 se rozv\u00e1\u017eel z\u00e1rove\u0148 s pivem do hospod v jutov\u00fdch pytl\u00edch. \u0160enk\u00fd\u0159i jej ukl\u00e1dali do v\u00fd\u010depn\u00edch stol\u016f k chlazen\u00ed \u010depovan\u00e9ho piva. Pivn\u00ed trubky byly v hostinc\u00edch sto\u010deny do spir\u00e1ly, kter\u00e1 byla ulo\u017eena v jak\u00e9si bedn\u011b do n\u00ed\u017e byla vlo\u017eena ledov\u00e1 dr\u0165.<\/p>\n
Jinde vyu\u017e\u00edvali pro dopravu ledu od rybn\u00edka a\u017e k lednici \u00fazkokolejnou tra\u0165, po kter\u00e9 byl tla\u010den n\u011bkolika pracovn\u00edky jeden voz\u00edk. V zim\u011b byla do lednice vybour\u00e1na dv\u011b okna, kter\u00fdmi se led h\u00e1zel dovnit\u0159. Tam byli dva nebo t\u0159i mu\u017ei, kte\u0159\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed \u010di v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kry rozb\u00edjeli d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdmi palicemi na ledovou dr\u0165, kter\u00e1 se do l\u00e9ta spojila v jednu velikou masu. Nadrcen\u00fd led se zasypal popelem nebo jin\u00fdm izola\u010dn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n
Po napln\u011bn\u00ed lednice byla okna zapln\u011bn\u00e1 sl\u00e1mou a op\u011bt zazd\u011bna. Do lednice bylo mo\u017eno vstoupit otvorem ze sklepa a v l\u00e9t\u011b odseknout pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed ledu pro chlazen\u00ed piva. St\u011bny lednice byly \u010dasto oblo\u017eeny d\u0159evem, aby nedoch\u00e1zelo ke styku ledu s vlhk\u00fdmi zdmi. M\u00edstnosti, je\u017e p\u0159il\u00e9haly ke sklep\u016fm, byly vysp\u00e1dovan\u00e9 tak, aby voda z rozt\u00e1t\u00e9ho ledu ihned odt\u00e9kala a neurychlovala dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fabytek skladovan\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n
Ledov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011blo i druho\u0159ad\u00fd p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd v\u00fdznam \u2013 odkryt\u00e1 plocha vodu okysli\u010dovala, a tak byl d\u00e1n p\u0159edpoklad k dobr\u00e9mu p\u0159ezimov\u00e1n\u00ed chovan\u00fdch kapr\u016f. Ale i d\u011bln\u00edci m\u011bli v dlouh\u00e9m zimn\u00edm obdob\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. N\u011bkter\u00e9 pivovary si kv\u016fli v\u00fdroby ledu vystav\u011bly vlastn\u00ed vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee. Na \u010d\u00e1sti pivovarsk\u00e9 st\u0159echy byla nap\u0159\u00edklad vytvo\u0159ena rovn\u00e1 betonov\u00e1 plocha, na kterou se stav\u011bly hladk\u00e9 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 ty\u010de do nosn\u00e9ho plotu a hr\u00e1d\u00ed. Na to se pak celou noc rozpra\u0161ovala a st\u0159\u00edkala voda, kter\u00e1 mrzla. R\u00e1no pak bylo na st\u0159e\u0161e n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek metr\u00e1k\u016f ledu v jednom velk\u00e9m bloku. P\u0159i\u0161ly \u017eeny s velk\u00fdmi d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdmi palicemi, led se otloukal, spou\u0161t\u011bl do otvoru ve st\u0159e\u0161e a tobog\u00e1nem rovnou do sklepa.<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/galerie-pivni\/ledarny.jpg\")
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V Praze-Bran\u00edku byly na b\u0159ehu Vltavy postaveny \u201eAkciov\u00e9 led\u00e1rny\u201c. Na\u0159ezan\u00e9 ledov\u00e9 kry byly dopravn\u00edkem p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bny do speci\u00e1ln\u011b upraven\u00fdch skladovac\u00edch prostor. \u201eBranick\u00fd\u201c led byl pak celoro\u010dn\u011b prod\u00e1v\u00e1n do pivovar\u016f a pohostinstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V roce 1876 vynalezl Karl von Linde strojn\u00ed chlazen\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se doba vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho ledu v pivovarech za\u010dala uzav\u00edrat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kva\u0161en\u00ed piva s vyu\u017eit\u00edm kvasnic tzv.spodn\u00edho typu a skladov\u00e1n\u00ed hotov\u00e9ho piva vy\u017eadovalo celoro\u010dn\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot na spilce i v le\u017e\u00e1ck\u00fdch sklep\u00edch. K tomu sta\u0159\u00ed pivovarn\u00edci vyu\u017e\u00edvali led. Led se z\u00edsk\u00e1val ze zamrzl\u00fdch vodn\u00edch...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":50116,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=50122"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50122\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/50116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=50122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=50122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=50122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}