{"id":52474,"date":"2018-10-11T00:08:48","date_gmt":"2018-10-10T22:08:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zpravy.pivovary.info\/?p=52474"},"modified":"2025-01-05T10:34:48","modified_gmt":"2025-01-05T09:34:48","slug":"klobouk-pana-stareho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/?p=52474","title":{"rendered":"Klobouk pana star\u00e9ho"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u011b\u017eovit\u00e1 stavba v\u00e9vod\u00edc\u00ed star\u00fdm pivovarsk\u00fdm objekt\u016fm je korunov\u00e1na zcela typick\u00fdm kom\u00ednem s kovovou st\u0159\u00ed\u0161kou. P\u0159itahuje zraky kolemjdouc\u00edch a stala se identifika\u010dn\u00edm znakem pivovarsk\u00fdch provoz\u016f.<\/p>\n

Klobouk pana star\u00e9ho \u2013 pod t\u00edmto poetick\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem je rozum\u011bn plechov\u00fd n\u00e1stavec na hvozdov\u00e9m kom\u00edn\u011b sladoven. Tvo\u0159il nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bod star\u00fdch pivovarsk\u00fdch objekt\u016f, byl takovou korunou, \u010dn\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed nad cel\u00fdm pivovarem.<\/p>\n

Pro mnoh\u00e9 je hvozdov\u00fd kom\u00edn nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm identifika\u010dn\u00edm znakem pivovarsk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch objekt\u016f. Jeho n\u00e1padnost, osobitost, specifi\u010dnost \u010dasto v\u00e9vod\u00ed nejen cel\u00e9mu are\u00e1lu, ale tak\u00e9 obci \u010di dokonce cel\u00e9 okoln\u00ed krajin\u011b. V\u011b\u017eov\u00fd \u00fatvar hvozdu dominoval cel\u00e9mu v\u00fdrobn\u00edmu are\u00e1lu a v podstat\u011b upozor\u0148oval na prostor ur\u010dit\u00e9 technologie. Mnohdy tak architekt vytvo\u0159il skvostn\u00e9 stavby.<\/p>\n\n

\u201eJ\u00e9\u00e9, koukej, pivovar !\u201c, zn\u00ed \u010dasto, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ukazov\u00e1\u010dek m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na kom\u00edn sladovny. Mnohdy m\u00e1 onen \u010dlov\u011bk pravdu, mnohdy se v\u0161ak m\u00fdl\u00ed. Hvozdov\u00fd kom\u00edn je, jak v\u0161ichni dob\u0159e v\u00edme, sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed technologie sladovny. Ne v\u017edy ale byla sladovna sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pivovaru.<\/p>\n

Copak je vlastn\u011b hvozd? U v\u011bt\u0161iny lidi toto slovo evokuje p\u0159edstavu zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nekone\u010dn\u00fdch zalesn\u011bn\u00fdch kopc\u016f s \u00fadol\u00edmi zalit\u00fdmi b\u00edlou mlhou. Na\u0161inec v\u0161ak v\u00ed, \u017ee hvozd je \u010d\u00e1st technologie sladovny, tedy \u010d\u00e1st procesu v\u00fdroby sladu. Co vlastn\u011b na hvozdu prob\u00edh\u00e1 ? Odpov\u011b\u010f je jednoduch\u00e1. Prob\u00edh\u00e1 tam hvozd\u011bn\u00ed. (neodpust\u00edm si pozn\u00e1mku, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o n\u00e1dhern\u00fd term\u00edn.) A copak se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 pod \u010dinnost\u00ed s n\u00e1zvem hvozd\u011bn\u00ed ? Jde o su\u0161en\u00ed sladu, tedy nakl\u00ed\u010den\u00e9ho je\u010dmene, ve f\u00e1zi, kdy jsou ji\u017e vytvo\u0159eny l\u00e1tky vhodn\u00e9 pro v\u00fdrobu piva. C\u00edlem hvozd\u011bn\u00ed je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed obsahu vody a \u201eumrtven\u00ed\u201c enzym\u016f a n\u00e1sledn\u011b i zastaven\u00ed v\u0161ech vegeta\u010dn\u00edch proces\u016f. Tato f\u00e1ze sladovnick\u00e9ho procesu ovliv\u0148uje nejen v\u00fdslednou barvu, ale i chu\u0165 a v\u016fni sladu. V\u0161e z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, jak\u00fd slad vlastn\u011b chceme p\u0159ipravit, zda sv\u011btl\u00fd, tmav\u00fd nebo n\u011bjak speci\u00e1ln\u00ed. Na druhu sladu pak z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed druh piva (sv\u011btl\u00e9, \u010dern\u00e9 atd.). Podle toho vol\u00edme teplotu a dobu su\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Na hvozd se dostane slad z humen. (nebudu se u\u017e bahnit ve slov\u011b \u201ehumna\u201c) Zde se je\u010dmen navlh\u010d\u00ed a ten za\u010dne kl\u00ed\u010dit. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se v zrnech aktivuj\u00ed enzymy. Ve zd\u00e1nliv\u011b ne\u017eiv\u00e9m zrnu obilniny vypuknou vegeta\u010dn\u00ed procesy.<\/p>\n

Hvozd si lze zjednodu\u0161en\u011b p\u0159edstavit jako v\u011b\u017eovitou stavbu, ve kter\u00e9 je dole zdroj tepla a nad nim se nej\u010dast\u011bji ve dvou patrech su\u0161\u00ed nakl\u00ed\u010den\u00fd je\u010dmen. Cel\u00e1 budova pak samoz\u0159ejm\u011b vrchol\u00ed kom\u00ednem. \u201eOb\u017eivl\u00fd\u201c je\u010dmen se ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 na s\u00edta zvan\u00e1 l\u00edsky. Toto pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed poch\u00e1z\u00ed z prad\u00e1vna, kdy jako materi\u00e1l bylo pou\u017eito l\u00edskov\u00e9 prout\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tento postup hvozd\u011bn\u00ed (tzv.vzdu\u0161n\u00fd, tedy bez kou\u0159e) se objevil a\u017e s p\u0159\u00edchodem tzv. pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch pivovar\u016f, tedy n\u011bkdy v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b 19.stolet\u00ed. P\u0159ed touto zm\u011bnou technologie vypadal hvozd (tzv.kou\u0159ov\u00fd) jako podlouhl\u00e1 klenut\u00e1 m\u00edstnost s n\u011bkolika kom\u00edny. Uprost\u0159ed m\u00edstnosti byly v\u011bt\u0161inou \u010dty\u0159i z\u00eddky (\u0159\u00edkalo se jim valachy), na kter\u00fdch byly polo\u017eeny l\u00edsky. Zdroj tepla byl \u00fapln\u011b na po\u010d\u00e1tku tvo\u0159en otev\u0159en\u00fdm ohni\u0161t\u011bm p\u0159\u00edmo pod l\u00edskami a su\u0161ilo se tak kou\u0159em, pozd\u011bji byla pec v p\u0159ilehl\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee otev\u0159en\u00fd ohe\u0148 s sebou nesl riziko \u010dast\u00fdch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f.<\/p>\n

Zm\u011bna technologie hvozd\u011bn\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edvala nejprve k n\u00e1hrad\u011b kou\u0159e tepl\u00fdm vzduchem, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159iveden pod l\u00edsky z vedlej\u0161\u00ed m\u00edstnosti a kou\u0159 byl vyveden z hvozdu pry\u010d. Pozd\u011bji se za\u010daly stav\u011bt tzv. stojat\u00e9 hvozdy zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho tvaru.<\/p>\n

Tento technologick\u00fd objekt byl ke st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmu are\u00e1lu p\u0159istavov\u00e1n jako samostatn\u00fd stavebn\u00ed prvek. V druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 19.stolet\u00ed ji\u017e byly nov\u00e9 pivovary se sladovnami stav\u011bny tak, \u017ee hvozd a varna sousedily z d\u016fvodu vyu\u017eit\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho zdroje pro oba provozy.<\/p>\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd jen trochu vn\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pozorovatel mus\u00ed ocenit kr\u00e1su zachoval\u00fdch hvozdov\u00fdch kom\u00edn\u016f s plechovou \u010depi\u010dkou. U\u017e jich nenalezneme v na\u0161\u00ed zemi stovky \u010di tis\u00edce. T\u011bchto sv\u011bdk\u016f d\u00e1vn\u00e9 industri\u00e1ln\u00ed minulosti bychom napo\u010d\u00edtali u\u017e jen des\u00edtky. Ub\u00fdv\u00e1 jich a ub\u00fdvat st\u00e1le budou. Mus\u00edme se sm\u00ed\u0159it s t\u00edm, \u017ee star\u00e9 pivovarsk\u00e9 objekty z na\u0161\u00ed sou\u010dasnosti postupn\u011b miz\u00ed. Bu\u010f jsou zcela zbour\u00e1ny nebo necitliv\u011b p\u0159estav\u011bny s t\u00edm, \u017ee je \u00fa\u010del zapomenut. Posledn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadem by mohl b\u00fdt kol\u00ednsk\u00fd pivovar, kter\u00fd miz\u00ed i p\u0159es odpor pam\u00e1tk\u00e1\u0159\u016f.
\nNen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pro na\u0161i budoucnost zapom\u00ednat na minulost.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u011b\u017eovit\u00e1 stavba v\u00e9vod\u00edc\u00ed star\u00fdm pivovarsk\u00fdm objekt\u016fm je korunov\u00e1na zcela typick\u00fdm kom\u00ednem s kovovou st\u0159\u00ed\u0161kou. P\u0159itahuje zraky kolemjdouc\u00edch a stala se identifika\u010dn\u00edm znakem pivovarsk\u00fdch provoz\u016f. Klobouk pana star\u00e9ho \u2013 pod t\u00edmto poetick\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem je rozum\u011bn...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":52476,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52474","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52474"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52474\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/52476"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}