{"id":95915,"date":"2021-12-28T10:21:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-28T09:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zpravy.pivovary.xyz\/?p=95915"},"modified":"2025-01-29T10:57:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-29T09:57:39","slug":"vzor-clanek-351-23-57-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/?p=95915","title":{"rendered":"Spilka"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po vychladnut\u00ed bylo mladinu pot\u0159eba zkvasit. Tato \u010dinnost prob\u00edhala a n\u011bkde je\u0161t\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zvan\u00e9m spilka.<br \/>\nC\u00edlem procesu bylo p\u0159em\u011bnit \u010dinnost\u00ed pivovarsk\u00fdch kvasnic cukernat\u00fd roztok na \u201emlad\u00e9 pivo\u201c s obsahem alkoholu a tak\u00e9 oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<p>Ve star\u00fdch pivovarech prob\u00edhalo tzv. hlavn\u00ed kva\u0161en\u00ed v d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch k\u00e1d\u00edch. N\u011bkter\u00e9 sou\u010dasn\u00e9 minipivovary se sna\u017e\u00ed na tradici tohoto materi\u00e1lu nav\u00e1zat. V Plze\u0148sk\u00e9m Prazdroji naleznete d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 kvasn\u00e9 k\u00e1d\u011b u\u017e jen jako turistickou atrakci.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ngg-singlepic ngg-center\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/Galerie-pivovaru-Plze%C5%88sk%C3%BD-Prazdroj\/Plze%C5%88sk%C3%BD-Prazdroj-01.jpg\" alt=\"\"><br \/>\nTyto n\u00e1doby se nach\u00e1zely ve sklepn\u00edch prostor\u00e1ch s klenut\u00fdmi stropy a prakticky bez v\u011btrac\u00edch otvor\u016f kv\u016fli stabilit\u011b teploty. T\u00edm, \u017ee k\u00e1d\u011b byly otev\u0159en\u00e9, mnohdy do\u0161lo ke kontaminaci moku.<\/p>\n<p>Od pivovarsk\u00e9ho prav\u011bku do poloviny 19.stolet\u00ed se v na\u0161ich zem\u00edch vyu\u017e\u00edvalo postupu tzv. svrchn\u00edho kva\u0161en\u00ed. (Po ukon\u010den\u00ed kva\u0161en\u00ed jsou kvasnice vyn\u00e1\u0161eny oxidem uhli\u010dit\u00fdm ke hladin\u011b) Tento typ kvasnic byl \u010dinn\u00fd p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch 20 -24\u02daC.<br \/>\n<br \/>\nV\u0161eobecn\u011b se v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch jako za\u010d\u00e1tek p\u0159echodu ke spodn\u00edmu kva\u0161en\u00ed (kvasnice klesaj\u00ed dol\u016f) na spilce pova\u017euje rok 1842, kdy byla tato metoda pou\u017eita v nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9m plze\u0148sk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0161\u0165ansk\u00e9m pivovaru. Ale u\u017e v roce 1840 se spodn\u011b kvasilo v pivovaru U Primas\u016f v Praze (F.Wanka).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ngg-singlepic ngg-center\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/galerie-pivovaru-velke-brezno\/Velk%C3%A9-B%C5%99ezno-autor-Lubo%C5%A1-Lambert-2007-12.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>Kvasnice pro spodn\u00ed kva\u0161en\u00ed pot\u0159ebovaly pro pr\u016fb\u011bh cel\u00e9ho procesu ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teplotu (kolem 10\u02daC). Nav\u00edc se p\u0159i kva\u0161en\u00ed doch\u00e1zelo k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed tepla. Vznikl tedy probl\u00e9m s udr\u017een\u00ed teploty. Ve star\u00fdch pivovarech se pou\u017e\u00edvaly n\u00e1doby s ledem, je\u017e plavaly na hladin\u011b kvasn\u00fdch k\u00e1d\u00ed. S rozvojem pr\u016fmyslu se prosadilo strojn\u00ed chlazen\u00ed. Spilka dostala sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto pod \u0161toky v budov\u011b chladn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkdy na p\u0159elomu 19. a 20.stolet\u00ed za\u010daly b\u00fdt d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 kvasn\u00e9 k\u00e1d\u011b nahrazov\u00e1ny ocelov\u00fdmi vanami. Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednka o t\u00e9to technologick\u00e9 novince je z Brna, pot\u00e9 se vyu\u017eila v motolsk\u00e9m pivovaru. Kovov\u00fd materi\u00e1l samoz\u0159ejm\u011b vy\u017eadoval pravideln\u00e9 n\u00e1t\u011bry, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed chuti piva. N\u011bkdy byl vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n i smalt.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ngg-singlepic ngg-center\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/galerie-pivovar-primator-nachod\/n%C3%A1chod-12032226_10153752745107249_3000708825716907772_n.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20.stolet\u00ed se na spilce za\u010daly pou\u017e\u00edvat i hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 kvasn\u00e9 k\u00e1d\u011b, nicm\u00e9n\u011b vyu\u017eit\u00ed tohoto kovu se posl\u00e9ze uk\u00e1zalo jako nevhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Se vznikem pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch pivovar\u016f se za\u010daly budovat tak\u00e9 betonov\u00e9 kvasn\u00e9 vany. Rovn\u011b\u017e i tento materi\u00e1l vy\u017eadoval pravideln\u00e9 n\u00e1t\u011bry povrchu. Ve 20.stolet\u00ed pak sm\u011b\u0159oval v\u00fdvoj k nerezov\u00fdm van\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u016fb\u011bh kva\u0161en\u00ed se v k\u00e1d\u00edch m\u011b\u0159il p\u0159\u00edstrojem s n\u00e1zvem sacharometr. Princip spo\u010d\u00edval v pono\u0159en\u00ed a v\u00fdtlaku kapaliny, je\u017e na stupnici ur\u010dil mno\u017estv\u00ed extraktu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po vychladnut\u00ed bylo mladinu pot\u0159eba zkvasit. Tato \u010dinnost prob\u00edhala a n\u011bkde je\u0161t\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zvan\u00e9m spilka. C\u00edlem procesu bylo p\u0159em\u011bnit \u010dinnost\u00ed pivovarsk\u00fdch kvasnic cukernat\u00fd roztok na \u201emlad\u00e9 pivo\u201c s obsahem alkoholu a tak\u00e9&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":95923,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":18563,"footnotes":""},"categories":[218,262],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-95915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-o-pivu","category-pivni-toulky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95915","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=95915"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95915\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/95923"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=95915"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=95915"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=95915"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}