{"id":96000,"date":"2023-04-16T15:42:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-16T13:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zpravy.pivovary.info\/?p=96000"},"modified":"2021-04-16T15:47:14","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T13:47:14","slug":"vzor-clanek-351-23-57-16","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/?p=96000","title":{"rendered":"Vznik piva typu India Pale Ale"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>IPA je styl sv\u011btl\u00e9ho piva, kter\u00e9 bylo poprv\u00e9 uva\u0159eno v Anglii v 19. stolet\u00ed. Jeho vznik byl d\u00e1n pot\u0159ebou vyrobit takov\u00e9 pivo, kter\u00e9 by bez \u00fajmy na kvalit\u011b vydr\u017eelo del\u0161\u00ed dobu i ve slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdrazu &#8222;India Pale Ale&#8220; poch\u00e1z\u00ed z reklamy zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v novin\u00e1ch v lednu 1835 (do t\u00e9 doby bylo ozna\u010dov\u00e1no jako \u201epale ale pro Indii\u201c, \u201eIndia Ale\u201c nebo tak\u00e9 \u201ePale export India ale\u201c).<br \/>\nV 18. stolet\u00ed vl\u00e1dl mezi Velkou Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed a jej\u00edmi koloniemi \u010dil\u00fd provoz. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z koloni\u00ed \u2013 Indie, byla domovem obrovsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy britsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f a koloni\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed by r\u00e1di pili n\u00e1poj pro svou kulturu tak obvykl\u00fd &#8211; pivo. Od prad\u00e1vna bylo pivo nav\u00edc pova\u017eov\u00e1no za zdroj vitam\u00edn\u016f a tak\u00e9 za \u201ebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c n\u00e1hradu z\u00e1vadn\u00e9 vody. Obrovsk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem v\u0161ak byla kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 trvanlivost piva, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i dlouh\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch na mo\u0159i v tropick\u00fdch oblastech rychle kazilo. I ty nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed lod\u011b zvl\u00e1daly cestu z Anglie do Indie kolem Afriky za \u010dty\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ale pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b tato cesta trvala a\u017e p\u016fl roku. Britsk\u00e1 admiralita se pokusila hledat \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a v polovin\u011b 18.stolet\u00ed na pomoc p\u0159izvala i Kr\u00e1lovskou v\u011bdeckou spole\u010dnost.<br \/>\n <script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- zpravy -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-5694300196982120\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3541247592\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\nBylo zva\u017eov\u00e1no n\u011bkolik mo\u017enost\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00ed pivn\u00edho koncentr\u00e1tu t\u00edm, \u017ee by se pivo nechalo zmrznout a led by se odstranil. Nakonec v\u0161ak roku 1772 H.Pelham navrhl, aby pivovarn\u00edci \u201evyva\u0159ili\u201c v\u011bt\u0161inu vody z mladiny a proces v\u00fdroby by byl dokon\u010den a\u017e na samotn\u00e9 lodi. V roce 1773 kapit\u00e1n Cook ze sv\u00e9 lodi Endeavour zpravoval, \u017ee koncentr\u00e1t v kombinaci s kvasnicemi a smrkem funguje dob\u0159e. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b od t\u00e9to metody se postupn\u011b stejn\u011b upustilo, proto\u017ee v teplej\u0161\u00edch oblastech se pivo i nad\u00e1le neda\u0159ilo uva\u0159it s uspokojiv\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkem a v chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblastech jeho kvalita dosti kol\u00edsala. Na n\u011bjakou dobu pak Admiralita dala p\u0159ednost n\u00e1poji trvanliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu \u2013 rumu.<\/p>\n<p>Trh v Indii byl v\u0161ak obrovsk\u00fdm l\u00e1kadlem, ne\u017e aby se ji\u017e nikdo nepokusil probl\u00e9m trvanlivosti piva \u0159e\u0161it. Pivovary se tud\u00ed\u017e za\u010daly pokou\u0161et do Indie dov\u00e1\u017eet pivo lahvov\u00e9, a to obl\u00edben\u00fd lond\u00fdnsk\u00fd Porter. Ani tady v\u0161ak neusp\u011bly a pivo op\u011bt dorazilo do kolonie kysel\u00e9 a ztuchl\u00e9.<br \/>\n<br \/>\nS nov\u00fdm n\u00e1padem p\u0159i\u0161li a\u017e B.Wilson a S.Allsopp. Pokusili se vyu\u017e\u00edt toho, co v podstat\u011b bylo jednou z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din problematick\u00e9ho dovozu piva po mo\u0159i &#8211; neust\u00e1l\u00fd kym\u00e1civ\u00fd pohyb. Doporu\u010dili pivovarn\u00edk\u016fm, aby lahve s Porterem neuzav\u00edrali, nechali pivo nejd\u0159\u00edve zv\u011btrat a teprve pak, lahve zaz\u00e1tkovali. B\u011bhem plavby pak d\u00edky nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9mu houp\u00e1n\u00ed doch\u00e1zelo ke druh\u00e9 karbonizaci. Av\u0161ak probl\u00e9m s nedostate\u010dnou trvanlivost\u00ed p\u0159etrval a nav\u00edc se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee tmav\u00fd Porter nevyhovuje po\u017eadavk\u016fm Brit\u016f v tropick\u00e9 Indii.<\/p>\n<p>Pivovary ve sv\u00e9m sna\u017een\u00ed neustaly. Vysok\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka a n\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159epravn\u00ed sazby byly t\u011bmi nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi faktory i pro tak riskantn\u00ed podnik.<\/p>\n<p>George Hodgson, sl\u00e1dek z pivovaru Bow Brewery z v\u00fdchodn\u00edho Lond\u00fdna za\u010dal do Indie dod\u00e1vat pivo typu Ale v 90. letech 18.stolet\u00ed. Na svou dobu toto pivo bylo velice sv\u011btl\u00e9, m\u011blo m\u011bd\u011bnou \u010di bronzovou barvu. Hodgson upravil sv\u016fj recept na v\u00fdrobu piva Pale Ale tak, \u017ee zna\u010dn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161il obsah chmele, obil\u00ed i cukru a v\u00fdsledkem bylo siln\u00e9 pivo s vysok\u00fdm obsahem alkoholu. Vyu\u017eil tak jedin\u00e9 zbran\u011b proti zka\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1poje, kter\u00e9 pivovarn\u00edci p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edchodem chlazen\u00ed a pasterizace m\u011bli, tj. alkohol a chmel. Hodgson tak\u00e9 do sud\u016f u\u017e v p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi p\u0159id\u00e1val su\u0161en\u00fd chmel, jako dal\u0161\u00ed stupe\u0148 ochrany p\u0159ed infekc\u00ed. Pivo obsahovalo velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd ze sud\u016f p\u0159i plavb\u011b \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b unikal, a jeho dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st se ztratila, kdy\u017e bylo pivo st\u00e1\u010deno v Indii do lahv\u00ed. Hodgson slavil obrovsk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch. Jeho velmi ho\u0159k\u00e9, alkoholicky siln\u00e9, \u0161umiv\u00e9, sv\u011btl\u00e9 pivo se stalo legendou a jeho rapidn\u00ed expanze podn\u00edtila dal\u0161\u00ed pivovarn\u00edky, aby se pokusili vstoupit na potencion\u00e1ln\u011b lukrativn\u00ed trh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IPA je styl sv\u011btl\u00e9ho piva, kter\u00e9 bylo poprv\u00e9 uva\u0159eno v Anglii v 19. stolet\u00ed. Jeho vznik byl d\u00e1n pot\u0159ebou vyrobit takov\u00e9 pivo, kter\u00e9 by bez \u00fajmy na kvalit\u011b vydr\u017eelo del\u0161\u00ed dobu i ve slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":96006,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=96000"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96000\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/96006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=96000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=96000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=96000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}