{"id":98364,"date":"2021-06-03T12:06:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-03T10:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zpravy.pivovary.info\/?p=98364"},"modified":"2023-11-24T11:17:37","modified_gmt":"2023-11-24T10:17:37","slug":"kapitoly-z-pivovarske-historie-mesta-policky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/?p=98364","title":{"rendered":"Kapitoly z pivovarsk\u00e9 historie m\u011bsta Poli\u010dky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Jak ze star\u00fdch stanov zn\u00e1mo, pr\u00e1vo va\u0159iti pivo v Poli\u010dce jako v jin\u00fdch kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech od nepam\u011bti a teprve po sporech se \u0161lechtou, kter\u00e1 m\u011bst\u016fm pr\u00e1vo to z\u00e1vid\u011bla a sama t\u00e9\u017e pivo va\u0159iti za\u010dala, na sn\u011bmu zemsk\u00e9m, roku 1517, v Praze, zvan\u00e9m svatov\u00e1clavsk\u00e9m, kde spory ty rovn\u00e1ny, p\u0159i\u0159knuto pr\u00e1vo to 113 pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00fdm dom\u016fm, jejich\u017e majitel\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo m\u011bli nejen pivo va\u0159iti, ale i ko\u0159alku p\u00e1liti a pivo, v\u00edno i ko\u0159alku \u010depovati.<br \/>\nNaskyt\u00e1 se ot\u00e1zka, pro\u010d pr\u00e1v\u011b 113 dom\u016f, \u010d\u00edslo tak nerovn\u00e9 a tu mysl\u00edm, \u017ee nebude daleko od pravdy, \u017ee proto, pon\u011bvad\u017e v tu dobu asi v\u00edce priv\u00e1tn\u00edch dom\u016f uvnit\u0159 m\u011bsta nebylo, co\u017e i dokazuje, \u017ee a\u017e dosav\u00e1de v\u00edce jich v m\u011bst\u011b nen\u00ed, a \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed domky se zovou p\u0159\u00edbytky, toti\u017e, \u017ee pozd\u011bji v m\u011bst\u011b p\u0159ibyly na m\u00edstech od dom\u016f odprodan\u00fdch na zahrad\u00e1ch a kotc\u00edch.<br \/>\n<br \/>\nDle toho m\u016f\u017ee se t\u00e9\u017e soudit, \u017ee panstv\u00ed poli\u010dsk\u00e9 pod n\u00e1zvem dr\u017eebnosti a vesnice kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho v\u011bnn\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Poli\u010dky v zemsk\u00fdch desk\u00e1ch zapsan\u00e9 pat\u0159ilo p\u016fvodn\u011b pouze pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9mu m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstvu a teprve postupem dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ibyl\u00fdm domk\u016fm v m\u011bst\u011b uvnit\u0159 hradeb spole\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ipadlo.<\/p>\n<p>A\u017e do roku 1710 muselo m\u011bsto i ve\u0161ker\u00e9 vesnice k panstvu poli\u010dsk\u00e9mu pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed, odeb\u00edrati pivo od pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstva, v t\u011bch l\u00e9tech v\u0161ak muselo m\u011bsto dle na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed c\u00edsa\u0159e Josefa I. postaviti pivovar ku rozmno\u017een\u00ed obecn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f v Kamenci, a od t\u011bch dob ponech\u00e1no pr\u00e1vo dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed piva pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9mu m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstvu pouze pro m\u011bsto, vesnice v\u0161ak musely odeb\u00edrati pivo z kamence, pouze tenkr\u00e1te, kdy\u017e by v Kamenci z\u00e1soba piva nesta\u010dila, musely odeb\u00edrati pivo z m\u011bsta. Z jin\u00fdch pivovar\u016f v\u0161ak v\u016fbec se pivo odeb\u00edrati nesm\u011blo. Do roku 1796 spravovalo pivovar m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstvo samo, pak byl pronajat. Pivovar vyho\u0159el a v roce 1799 op\u011bt vystav\u011bn. Od roku 1883 se tu u\u017e pivo neva\u0159ilo.<br \/>\nV n\u00e1hradu za to, \u017ee dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed piva do vesnic odpadlo, byla z v\u00fdt\u011b\u017eku z pivovaru v Kamenci placena za m\u011b\u0161\u0165any ve\u0161ker\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 da\u0148 z dom\u016f i pozemk\u016f. To trvalo a\u017e do roku 1902, roku 1903 musel ji\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd s\u00e1m si platit.<br \/>\n <script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- zpravy -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-5694300196982120\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3541247592\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\nZ m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu dost\u00e1v\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00fd d\u016fm ro\u010dn\u011b 8 s\u00e1h\u016f d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed I. a II. t\u0159\u00eddy, z nich\u017e jeden s\u00e1h mus\u00ed b\u00fdti tvrd\u00e9ho II.t\u0159\u00eddy, proto, \u017ee ve sladovn\u011b na star\u00e9m valachu se muselo tvrd\u00fdm d\u0159\u00edv\u00edm topiti a ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011b\u0161\u0165an si je\u010dmen na sv\u00e9 v\u00e1rky s\u00e1m s vlastn\u00edm topen\u00edm sesladovati musel, k \u010demu\u017e ono tvrd\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed pot\u0159eboval. P\u0159\u00edbytk\u016fm se nikdy tvrd\u00e9ho d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed nedod\u00e1valo. Druhdy dov\u00e1\u017eelo se d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed to m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u016fm robotou, a\u017e p\u0159i uveden\u00ed r\u00e1bsk\u00e9 soustavy v roce 1875 dov\u00e1\u017een\u00ed to docela zanedb\u00e1no, a\u010d i r\u00e1bsk\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem za p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00fdch do d\u016fchodu 1238 zl. 17 kr., z m\u011bstsk\u00fdch po\u017eitk\u016f potvrzeno bylo. Pr\u00e1vo to m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstva jinak nahra\u017eeno nebylo.<\/p>\n<p>Do roku 1771 va\u0159ili si m\u011b\u0161\u0165ani pivo v soukrom\u00fdch domech postupn\u011b, v roku 1771 za\u0159\u00edzen byl pivovar v \u010d\u00edsle 15, kde d\u0159\u00edve asi pouze spole\u010dn\u00e1 sladovna b\u00fdvala a kde snad za star\u00fdch \u010das\u016f l\u00e1zn\u011b pro m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstvo za\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 byly. Pivovar ten za\u0159\u00edzen byl na 16 sud\u016f (asi 36 hl) na svrchn\u00ed kvasnice, kde\u017e se a\u017e do roku 1864 va\u0159ilo.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/galerie-mestanskeho-pivovaru-policka\/policka01.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"ngg-singlepicngg-center\"><br \/>\nV\u00e1rky prov\u00e1d\u011bny postupn\u011b a uva\u0159en\u00e9 pivo si ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011b\u0161\u0165an do sv\u00fdch sklep\u016f odvezl a prod\u00e1val. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 jest pov\u011bst, \u017ee za blah\u00fdch pro m\u011b\u0161\u0165any tenkr\u00e1te dob, v\u017edy pr\u00fd m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u00e9 od jednoho ke druh\u00e9mu chodili a\u017e uva\u0159en\u00e9 pivo se vypilo, pak po po\u0159\u00e1dku op\u011bt k druh\u00e9mu sousedu chod\u00edvali. \u0158\u00e1dn\u00e9 prod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed piva v opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdch hostinc\u00edch bylo v Poli\u010dce teprve roku 1802 upraveno. V roce 1857 koupilo pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstvo d\u016fm \u010d\u00edslo 18m. a zv\u011bt\u0161ilo var na 17 sud\u016f.<br \/>\nTak p\u0159i\u0161el rok 1859, kdy uz\u00e1kon\u011bna svoboda ve\u0161ker\u00fdch \u017eivnost\u00ed, ka\u017ed\u00fd mohl za\u0159\u00edditi si \u017eivnost jakou cht\u011bl, a\u0165 \u0159emeslnou neb obchodn\u00ed, neb tov\u00e1rn\u00ed a tu samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i na pivovary do\u0161lo a zaru\u010den\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed piva tak zvan\u00e9 propina\u010dn\u00ed odpadlo. Aby v\u0161ak st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm pivovar\u016fm jak\u00e1si n\u00e1hrada za pr\u00e1vo to poskytnuta b\u00fdti mohla, na\u0159\u00edzeno, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo a\u017e do roku 1880 n\u011bkde nov\u00fd pivovar stav\u011bti cht\u011bl, musel zaplatit jist\u00fd obnos, kter\u00fd se co propina\u010dn\u00ed fond ukl\u00e1dal a kone\u010dn\u011b po uplynut\u00ed stanoven\u00e9 doby mezi pivovary, kter\u00e9 o pr\u00e1vo propina\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161ly, dle rozsahu pr\u00e1va toho rozd\u011blil.<br \/>\nV dob\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed svobody \u017eivnosti p\u0159est\u00e1valo se tak\u00e9 pivo vyr\u00e1b\u011bti dle star\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu na kva\u0161en\u00ed na vrchn\u00ed kvasnice a obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b nov\u00e9 pivovary hned byly z\u0159izov\u00e1ny na kva\u0161en\u00ed spodn\u00ed, k \u010demu\u017e byly nutn\u00e9 kvasn\u00e9 k\u00e1d\u011b ve spilk\u00e1ch a dostate\u010dn\u00e9 sklepy.<br \/>\n<br \/>\nTo v\u0161e v poli\u010dsk\u00e9m pivov\u00e1rku sch\u00e1zelo a to \u0161\u0165astn\u011b vyc\u00edtil pan Josef Smola, potomn\u00ed velezaslou\u017eil\u00fd purkmistr kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho v\u011bnn\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Poli\u010dky a prosadil po dlouh\u00fdch sporech a mnoh\u00fdch sch\u016fz\u00edch pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstva, byv podporov\u00e1n uv\u011bdom\u011bl\u00fdmi sv\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00e1teli, \u017ee bylo usneseno postavit pivovar za m\u011bstem (d\u0159\u00edve pouze sklepy), kde nyn\u00ed stoj\u00ed, ov\u0161em ale s podm\u00ednkou, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00fd m\u011b\u0161\u0165an nebude nucen ani krejcarem na stavbu p\u0159isp\u011bti.<br \/>\nTak zalo\u017een nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pivovar \u010d\u00edslo 151, doln\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed ani\u017e by kdo \u010d\u00edm na\u0148 p\u0159isp\u011bl. N\u00e1sledky toho c\u00edt\u00edme po dnes a kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo vy\u010d\u00edt\u00e1, \u017ee pivovar nic nevyn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed a porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 ho se z\u00e1vody jin\u00fdmi t\u0159eba akciov\u00fdmi nebo pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00fdmi tu a\u0165 jen si p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00ed, \u017ee kdy\u017e z ni\u010deho pouze B\u016fh stvo\u0159il sv\u011bt, a \u017ee kdy\u017e se do stavby nov\u00e9 nic nedalo nebylo mo\u017eno v\u00fdt\u011b\u017eek br\u00e1ti, kdy\u017e v\u0161echen p\u0159\u00edjem na spl\u00e1tky dluhu a na \u00faroky se obr\u00e1\u017eeti mus\u00ed.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/galerie-mestanskeho-pivovaru-policka\/policka02.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"ngg-singlepicngg-center\"><br \/>\nStavba byla provedena roku 1864 a ji\u017e od 1.listopadu 1864 pronajmuta. Stav\u011bno velmi levn\u011b, neb cel\u00e1 stavba s pozemky, rybn\u00ed\u010dkem a vodovodem nest\u00e1la v\u00edc ne\u017e-li 24 000 zl. Stavebn\u00ed m\u00edsto st\u00e1lo 3 072 zl.. N\u00e1sledky toho poc\u00edtily se v\u0161ak ji\u017e po 10 a\u017e 20 letech neb ve\u0161ker\u00e9 sklepy se drobily a hrozily sesut\u00edm a musely se postupn\u011b tvrd\u00fdm kamenem p\u00edskovcem a cihly vysazovati, co\u017e vy\u017eadovalo velk\u00e9ho n\u00e1kladu a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 stavby. Opravy ty st\u00e1ly pak asi v\u00edce ne\u017e cel\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u00ed stavby sklepu. Pen\u00edze na stavbu zaopat\u0159eny \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u016fj\u010dky a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1ni \u010dekali na vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dtu n\u011bjak\u00fd rok, a\u017e z n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho dluhy ty se mohly uplatit.<\/p>\n<p>Roku 1870 si pronajmula pivovar spole\u010dnost nov\u00e1 ze 7 p\u00e1n\u016f sest\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed, a star\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, byv\u0161i p\u0159eplacena pronajmula si pivovar v Kamenci. Te\u010f po\u010dala v m\u011bst\u011b velk\u00e1 konkurence mezi ob\u011bma spole\u010dnostmi. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 strana sv\u00e9 pivo vychvalovala na ujmu strany druh\u00e9, co\u017e m\u011blo za n\u00e1sledek sam\u00e9 mrzutosti a spory ve m\u011bst\u011b. V\u0161eobecn\u011b se uzn\u00e1valo, \u017ee pivo z pivovaru ve m\u011bst\u011b je lep\u0161\u00ed, a tak tak\u00e9 spole\u010dnost se skv\u011bl\u00fdm prosp\u011bchem pracovala, kde\u017eto spole\u010dnost v Kamenci po ukon\u010den\u00ed n\u00e1jmu v roce 1876 i z\u00e1vodn\u00ed pod\u00edly ztratila. Proto po ukon\u010den\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 lh\u016fty utvo\u0159ena spole\u010dnost nov\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed 49 pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00fdch m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u016f, kter\u00e1 si oba pivovary pronajmula, aby t\u00edm p\u0159ede\u0161la konkurenci a tu se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee se spole\u010dnosti op\u011bt dosti dob\u0159e da\u0159ilo. Roku 1882 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila se spole\u010dnost ta ku nov\u00e9mu n\u00e1jmu na 80 pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00fdch m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u016f s pr\u00e1vem, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159istoupiti, kdy\u017e z\u00e1vodn\u00ed pod\u00edl dle ro\u010dn\u00ed bilance slo\u017e\u00ed, co\u017e trvalo a\u017e do roku 1892, od kdy kone\u010dn\u011b obchod v re\u017eii cel\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstva se nach\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/wp-content\/gallery\/galerie-mestanskeho-pivovaru-policka\/policka.JPG\" alt=\"\" class=\"ngg-singlepicngg-center\"><br \/>\nSt\u00e1l\u00fdm pronaj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1vodu utrp\u011bl pivovar, pon\u011bvad\u017e jak p\u0159irozeno, n\u00e1jemci pouze dle smlouvy n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 odv\u00e1d\u011bli, v\u00fdt\u011b\u017eek mezi sebe rozd\u011blovali a pivovar, kter\u00fd jsa levn\u011b stav\u011bn st\u00e1le v\u00edce se po\u0161kozoval ani\u017e mohl b\u00fdti \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b opraven dle pokroku doby na stejn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i se sousedn\u00edmi pivovary udr\u017eov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>(zdroj: Stru\u010dn\u00e9 pam\u011bti pr\u00e1vov\u00e1re\u010dn\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstva v Poli\u010dce, kter\u00e9 sepsal roku 1912 p\u0159edseda spr\u00e1vn\u00ed rady Franti\u0161ek Tr\u00e1vn\u00ed\u010dek; Ing.Karel Witz, \u0159editel pivovaru)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak ze star\u00fdch stanov zn\u00e1mo, pr\u00e1vo va\u0159iti pivo v Poli\u010dce jako v jin\u00fdch kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech od nepam\u011bti a teprve po sporech se \u0161lechtou, kter\u00e1 m\u011bst\u016fm pr\u00e1vo to z\u00e1vid\u011bla a sama t\u00e9\u017e pivo va\u0159iti za\u010dala,&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":98375,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":6826,"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=98364"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98364\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/98375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=98364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=98364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pivovary.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=98364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}